The chemistry it is a science that derives from the alchemy . It is a discipline that analyzes the structure, composition, properties and variations of matter. According to the object of study, one can distinguish between different specialties of chemistry.
In this sense, the organic chemistry specializes in the study of substances with compounds that have carbon . By opposition, it is known as inorganic chemistry to that centered on simple substances and in the compounds whose molecules lack carbon .
In other words, inorganic chemistry studies inorganic compounds and elements, which have no carbon bonds. The experts in the matter Therefore, they study the structure, development and reactions of this class of substances.
Importantly, the division between organic chemistry and inorganic chemistry derives from antiquity, when it was believed that living matter could not be created artificially. Over time it was discovered that organic compounds (formed by carbon) could be obtained in a laboratory . In this way, both branches of chemistry began to overlap. Thus, inorganic chemistry often studies carbides and bicarbonates , which are substances that do have carbon.
According to the structure of each inorganic compound, it is possible to divide them into: binaries , which include anhydrides, metal hydrides, hydrazides, volatile salts, metal oxides, peroxides, volatile hydrides and neutral salts; ternary , where we find oxoacids, hydroxides and oxisales.
Inorganic chemistry is part of our daily lives much more than we can imagine if we are outside the field of science; since products Cleaning up the metals that are used to make the most popular items on the market, this branch of chemistry occupies a fundamental place for most people. More specifically, the following are some of the most important compounds and substances both biologically and commercially:
* potassium and ammonium nitrate, sulfates and phosphates, among others fertilizers ;
* he Water oxygenated, ammonia, salfumán, bleach (also known as lavandina) and many other solvents and everyday substances;
* various gases in the atmosphere, including nitrogen, sulfur oxide and nitrogen, carbon dioxide and oxygen itself;
* the total of metals and their alloys;
* the glass used to manufacture parts of televisions, bottles and windows, among other items of mass use;
* the ceramics found in a wide range of products, whose application covers both household items and industry aerospace (which is responsible for designing, manufacturing, marketing and maintaining all types of aircraft);
* in our own bones is calcium carbonate;
* the silicon microchips that are used in the computer industry, essential in modern life;
* fiber optic cables, capable of offering very high data rates with great stability;
* liquid crystal displays (LCD), used largely for televisions and monitors for mass consumption;
* a large number of catalysts (substances used to increase the speed of a chemical reaction ) important for the industry.
Another of the most common examples of the presence of inorganic chemistry in the home is the Salt , one of the basic condiments for most meals. This compound, more precisely the sodium chloride It does not have as its sole objective to improve or intensify the taste of our dishes, since it also offers us benefits in relation to the health of our bones and the functioning of the nervous system.
